Oldest Egyptian Leather Munscript Discovered

To date the oldest Egyptian leather manuscript has been discovered on the shelves of an old Egyptian Museum... having been forgotten for nearly 100 years. The manuscript was thought to have been lost many years ago, dating back to 2300-2000 BC it measures up to 2.5 meters and contains valuable texts, colorful drawings and reveals new valuable information of the Egyptian Culture at that time in history.



Understanding that the manuscripts have texts and drawings on each side, the ancient roll measures up to 5 meters which makes it the longest leather roll found from ancient Egypt.” These ancient manuscripts contain religious texts and drawings that portray supernatural beings. Religious spells and texts are also found in the manuscript and it is believed that priests at the time used to recite them.

Sherbiny indicates that the roll portrays texts that illustrate a variety of temple rituals later adapted and performed at funerals. Similar events are commonly seen in the Middle Kingdom' of Egypt throughout the coffins of Necropolis of Hermopolis in Upper Egypt.



Amazingly the roll offers a more detailed iconography than previously found Hermopolitan coffins in terms of texts and drawings making this an exciting discovery. Sherbiny also pointed out that the historic roll shows aspects that were known to Egyptologists before appearing on the Hermopolis coffins. It is also thought that some segments of the writings were probably not the creation of Hermopolitan theologians, but rather a longer history of transmission likely came about before they were chosen to be used as coffin decorations. The ancient leather roll also has many illustrations and drawings not seen on any other coffins or historical monuments.

King Tutankhamin's Dagger: Made of Meteorite

King Tutankhamen's Dagger Is Made from a Meteorite

Found by British Archaeologist and Egyptologist Howard Carter revealed an ancient workings by one of Egypt's most beloved kings. Unexpectedly this blade had been found buried with King Tutankhamen as a special weapon forged of meteorite travelling throughout space during an earlier period with-in our solar system.

Discovered in 1925, the Tutankhamen's dagger has been confirmed to be made of a specific meteoric iron variety of metal. Recent studies along with other findings show that the early Egyptian's had placed special attention to mastering craftsmanship with many mix's and types of meteoric metals for making precious objects.

As a product of precision craftsmanship, this unique dagger tells a story of the level of mastery of craft and level of skill possessed by early iron workers in Egypt. When comparing the King's blade to other objects found from similar periods show that Tutankhamen's blade is truly one of a kind. The dagger was found wrapped inside a sheath alongside in his tomb. All items date back to14th century B.C. This beautifully designed blade features an  intricately detailed golden handle and covers by a golden sheath.

Credit: Polytechnic University of Milan in Italy

Over the years scientists and archaeologists have studied many of these kinds of daggers; alongside other ancient artifacts crafted by early era Egyptians and noticed many rarities about this item. The precision in detailing and design of the King's dagger is one of a kind. While many Egyptian artifacts are found to be made of iron, most are not as fine and lesser quality crafts seem are found quite commonly. Egyptian's highly used meteorite metals made by the birth of our stars and solar systems, at the time in history smelted iron was very hard to find.

In the past archaeologists and scientists have claimed this dagger and many similar ancient  iron artifacts were made of meteorite materials due to the rarity and variety of smelted irons found. Egyptian citizen's of that time were aware of the values of exotic metal and ore mix's used in many ancient precious metal creations. King Tutankhamen’s tomb was found in 1922 under the supervision of the British Archaeologist and Egyptologist, Howard Carter.

Ancient Egypt Translated For The First Time: Book Of The Dead

Panel from the Book of the Dead.

A tale old as time, Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphs have been read and translated into many languages across the world through out the ages. For the first time today they have been published in modern English by a Cambridge Academic who was able to translate these ancient texts found on papyri and rock faces in Egypt.

The book was published by Penguin Classics and has been acclaimed around the world as a groundbreaking accomplishment. As these writings have never before been published together in an accessible collection, this is truly an event for Egyptologists and history enthusiasts around the world.

When asked about his new venture Toby Wilkinson the academic behind the book said that he started working on ancient Egyptian texts because there was a missing dimension of how ancient texts and Egypt as a whole is viewed by the world.



Hieroglyphs themselves depend on pictures and symbols, there are so very few experts and specialists that have been able to read hieroglyphs let alone being able to gain a full understanding of these texts. Hieroglyphics is a time old Egyptian writing tradition that had lasted for over 3500 years in Egypt and they have remained inaccessible and largely overlooked by our modern world and cultures today.

I think most importantly what will surprise people is the insight he gives to the well known image of Ancient Egypt beyond the Pharaoh's and Pyramids. For so many years these ancient writings and texts have been looked upon as mere decorations or artifacts instead of treasured writings and today -Toby Wilkinson has set out to change that for the world.



Take, for example, the words ‘aa’ and ‘wer’, both have been conventionally translated as ‘great’. The Egyptians seem to have understood a distinction – hence a god is often described as ‘aa’ but seldom as ‘wer’ – but it is beyond our grasp,” Wilkinson explained.

The book gathers literary fiction texts such as “The Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor” telling the story of a magical island, letters that date from 1930 BC and official inscriptions that record a “cataclysmic thunderstorm.”

“I was here with my brothers and my children … we totaled 75 snakes … Then a star fell and they were consumed in flames … If you are brave and your heart is strong, you will embrace your children, you will kiss your wife and you will see your house,” the tale reads.



Toby Wilkinson has taken upon himself a task like no other, deciphering the rich Ancient Egyptian languages and texts is not easily accomplished. Not many people know that their are actually several types of Hieroglyphs; Ancient Egyptian, Middle Egyptian and Newer Writing Styles that are derived from these texts. We are very excited to hear about Toby's ambitious approach in making these writings available to the English speaking population of the world, being able to express everything told into English is an exciting and challenging task!